Having Need and Needing Have in Contemporary Indo-European
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper begins by pointing out a new generalization regarding the distribution of transitive need throughout Indo-European. It is shown that only those Indo-European languages that have a transitive verb have used to express possession (i.e., HAVElanguages) may also have a transitive verb need. No Indo-European BE-language has a transitive verb need. In light of this generalization, we argue for a Hale and Keyser (1993)-style incorporation approach, whereby nominal need incorporates to an unpronounced verb HAVE, yielding transitive verbal need.
منابع مشابه
Analysis of Indo - Iranian Trade
This paper focuses on Indo-Iranian merchandise trade for a period of 30 years from1980-81 to 2009-10. The study is based on econometric modeling comprising 3 versions of the RWM model and alternative forms and specification of regression functions. RWM model(s) evaluates the stationary nature of time series data relating to GNP, Exports, Imports and total merchandise Indo-Iranian trade. Dickey-...
متن کاملA Comparison of Relationship between Text and Picture in the Selected Iranian and Contemporary American-European Illustrated-Fiction Books Based on the Theory of Maria Nikolajeva and Carole Scott
Illustrated-fiction books are special forms of art that are the combination of text and picture. The relationship between text and picture in this genre is diverse and variegated, and has different effects on the audience; however, little research has been done about it. The goal of this research is to compare text/picture relationship in the selected Iranian and contemporary American-European ...
متن کاملImproving Phylogeny-Based Network Approaches to Investigate the History of the Chinese Dialects1
Phylogeny-based network approaches are a powerful tool to study language history. Based on a reference tree, they infer the minimal amount of transfer events that is needed to explain the patterning of cognate sets observed in contemporary languages. Since these approaches handle both vertical and lateral aspects of language history, they seem perfectly adequate to study Chinese dialect history...
متن کاملMapping the origins and expansion of the Indo-European language family.
There are two competing hypotheses for the origin of the Indo-European language family. The conventional view places the homeland in the Pontic steppes about 6000 years ago. An alternative hypothesis claims that the languages spread from Anatolia with the expansion of farming 8000 to 9500 years ago. We used Bayesian phylogeographic approaches, together with basic vocabulary data from 103 ancien...
متن کاملReconstructing the sounds of words from the past
We are developing novel statistical and signal processing methods to work backwards from contemporary audio recordings of simple words in modern Indo-European languages to regenerate audible spoken forms from earlier points in the language family tree. In this paper we present our first tentative steps in developing some of the necessary technical methods for realising this ambition, especially...
متن کامل